Roman Martyrology 2004

Saint Benedict, abbot

Memorial of Saint Benedict, abbot, who, born at Norcia in Umbria and educated at Rome, began to lead a hermitic life in the Subiaco region, gathering around him many disciples; then moving to Cassino, he founded the famous monastery here and wrote the rule, which spread so much in every place that it earned him the title of patriarch of monks in the West. He is believed to have died on March 21.

Saint Pius I, pope

At Rome, the commemoration of Saint Pius I, pope, brother of the famous Hermas, author of the work entitled “The Shepherd”, who guarded the Church as a good shepherd for fifteen years.

Saint Marcian, martyr at Iconium

At Konya in Lycaonia, in present-day Türkiye, Saint Marcian, martyr, who under the governor Perennius obtained the palm of victory among many tortures.

Saint Marciana, virgin and martyr

At Caesarea of Mauritania, in present-day Algeria, Saint Marciana, virgin, who suffered martyrdom given as food to the fairs.

Saint Léonce le Jeune, bishop of Bordeaux

At Bordeaux in Aquitaine, in France, Saint Léonce le Jeune, bishop, who was the pride of the people and of the city and shone as builder of places of worship, restorer of the baptistery and silent benefactor of the poor.

Saint Drostan, abbot

On the Moray Firth in Scotland, Saint Drostan, abbot, who ruled various monasteries and led a hermitic life in his last years.

Saints Placidus, martyr, and Sigisbert, abbot

At Disentis in Upper Rhaetia, now in Switzerland, Saints Placidus, martyr, and Sigisbert, abbot, of whom the second, companion of Saint Columban, founded in this place the monastery of Saint Martin, in which the former crowned his monastic life with martyrdom.

Saint Hydulphe, chorbishop

In the monastery of Moyenmoutier in the Vosges mountains, in France, Saint Hydulphe, who, as bishop of Trier, retired to a solitary life, but, when numerous disciples arrived, founded a monastery and governed it.

Saint Abundio, priest

At Cordoba in Andalusia, Spain, Saint Abundio, priest, who, during the persecution of the Moors, when questioned by the judge, supported the reasons of faith in bold answers and, immediately arousing indignation, was put to death and then exposed to the bites of dogs and proud to be devoured.

Saint Olga, princess of Kyiv

At Kyiv in the territory of present-day Ukraine, Saint Olga, grandmother of Saint Vladimir, who was the first among the Rurikids to receive baptism and the name of Helena, opening the way to Christ for all the people of Russia.

Blessed Bertrand, abbot of Grandesilve

In the monastery of Grand-Selve in the territory of Toulouse in France, Blessed Bertrand, abbot, who, eager to establish the observance of a rule in his monastery, aggregated it to the Cistercian Order.

Saint Kjeld, priest and canon regular

At Viborg in Denmark, Saint Kjeld, priest and canon regular, who was full of attention to the chapter school and authentic model of monastic life.

Blesseds Thomas Hunt (Benstead) and Thomas Sprott (Parker), priests and martyrs of England

At Lincoln in England, commemoration of Blesseds Thomas Hunt (Benstead) and Thomas Sprott (Parker), priests and martyrs, who were put to death for their priesthood under Queen Elizabeth I on an undisclosed day this month.

Blesseds Pélagie de Saint-Jean-Baptiste Bes, Théotiste du Saint-Sacrement Pélissier, Saint-Martin Blanc and Saint-Sophie de Barbégie d’Albrède, virgins and martyrs of France

At Orange in France, Blesseds Pélagie de Saint-Jean-Baptiste Bes, Théotiste du Saint-Sacrement Pélissier, Saint-Martin Blanc and Saint-Sophie de Barbégie d’Albrède, virgins and martyrs for Christ during the French revolution.

Saints Anna An Xingshi, Maria An Guoshi, Anna An Jiaoshi and Maria An Linghua, virgins and martyrs of China

At the village of Liugongyin near Anping in Hebei province in China, Saints Anna An Xingshi, Maria An Guoshi, Anna An Jiaoshi and Maria An Linghua, virgins and martyrs, who, during the persecution of the Boxers, failing in any way to their deny the faith, were beheaded.

Saints Proclus and Hilarion, martyrs

At Ankara in Galatia in present-day Türkiye, Saints Proclus and Hilarion, martyrs under the empire of Trajan and the prefecture of Maximus.

Saints Fortunato and Ermacora, martyrs

At Aquileia in Friuli, Saints Fortunato and Ermacora, martyrs.

Saints Nabore and Felice, martyrs

At Milan, Saints Nabore and Felice, martyrs, who, as soldiers from Mauritania, in present-day Algeria, are said to have suffered martyrdom in Lodi during the persecutions and were then buried at Milan.

Saint Paterniano, bishop of Fano

At Fano in the Marches, Saint Paterniano, bishop.

Saint Viventiole, bishop of Lyons

At Lyons in France, Saint Viventiole, bishop, who, promoted by the school of the monastery of Saint Eugendus to the episcopate, induced clerics and laymen to participate in the Council of Epaone, so that the people could better know the decisions of the pontiffs.

Saint Giovanni Gualberto Visdomini, founder and abbot of Vallombrosa

At Passignano in Tuscany, Saint Giovanni Gualberto Visdomini, abbot, who, as a Florentine soldier, for the love of Christ forgave the killer of his brother and, then putting on the monastic habit, eager to lead a more rigorous life, laid the foundations in Vallombrosa of a new monastic family.

Saint Leone, abbot of Cava

In the monastery of Cava de’ Tirreni in Campania, Saint Leone, abbot, who provided for the poor with the work of his own hands and defended them from the powerful.

Blessed David Gonson, knight of Malta, martyr of England

Near London in England, Blessed David Gonson, martyr, who, as knight of the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, did not recognise the power of King Henry VIII in spiritual affairs and was for this reason suspended on the gallows in Southwark.

Saint John Jones, Franciscan priest and martyr of England

Also at London, Saint John Jones, priest of the Order of Friars Minor and martyr, who, originally from Wales, became a religious in France, was sentenced to death under Queen Elizabeth I for having entered England as a priest and completed his martyrdom hanging by a noose until he died.

Blesseds Matthias Araki Hyōzaemon and 7 companions, martyrs of Japan

At Nagasaki in Japan, Blesseds Matthias Araki Hyōzaemon and seven companions, martyrs, who suffered martyrdom for Christ.

Blesseds Rose de Saint-Xavier Talieu, Marthe du Bon-Ange Cluse, Marie de Saint-Henri de Justamond and Saint-Bernard de Romillon, virgins and martyrs of France

At Orange in Provence in France, Blesseds Rose de Saint-Xavier Talieu, Marthe du Bon-Ange Cluse, Marie de Saint-Henri de Justamond and Saint-Bernard de Romillon, virgins and martyrs, who achieved the palm of martyrdom during the French Revolution.

Saint Ignacio Clemente Delgado Cebrián, Dominican, bishop and vicar apostolic of Eastern Tonking, martyr of Vietnam

At the city of Nam Dinh in Tonkin, now Vietnam, Saint Ignacio Clemente Delgado Cebrián, bishop and martyr, who, after fifty years of preaching the Gospel, was arrested by order of Emperor Minh Mang for his faith in Christ and died in prison amid much suffering.

Saint Anê Lê Thị Thành (Ðê), martyr of Vietnam

In the province of Ninh Bình also in Tonkin, Saint Anê Lê Thị Thành (Ðê), martyr, who, as mother of family, although subjected to cruel tortures for having hidden a priest in her house, refused to renounce the faith and died in prison under Emperor Thieu Tri.

Saint Phêrô Khan, priest and martyr of Vietnam

In the province of Nghe An in ancient Annam, now Vietnam, Saint Phêrô Khan, priest and martyr, who, recognised as a Christian at the tax office, was put in prison for six months and, after vain calls to abjure, was beheaded also by order of Emperor Thiệu Trị.

Saint Henry, Holy Roman Emperor

Saint Henry, who, as emperor of the Romans, worked together with his wife Saint Cunegonda to renew the life of the Church and spread the faith of Christ throughout Europe; moved by missionary zeal, he established many episcopal sees and founded monasteries. At Grona near Göttingen in Germany he left his life on this day.

Saint Esdras, prophet, Jewish priest

Commemoration of Saint Esdras, priest and scribe, who, having returned from Babylon to Judea in the time of the Persian King Artaxerxes, gathered the scattered people and worked hard to study, apply and teach the law of the Lord in Israel.

Saint Silas, missionary with Saint Paul

Commemoration of Saint Silas, who, destined by the Apostles to the Churches of the Gentiles together with Saints Paul and Barnabas, pervaded by the grace of God, carried out his ministry relentlessly.

Saint Serapion, martyr at Alexandria of Egypt

At Alexandria of Egypt, Saint Serapion, martyr, who under Emperor Septimius Severus and the governor Aquila obtained the crown of martyrdom at the stake.

Saint Myrope, martyr at Chios

On the island of Chios in the Aegean Sea, Saint Myrope, martyr.

Saints Alexander and 30 companions, martyrs at Philomelium

At Philomelius in Phrygia, in present-day Türkiye, Saints Alexander and thirty soldiers, martyrs, who are said to have suffered martyrdom under Magnus, prefect of Antioch of Pisidia.

Saint Eugenio, bishop of Carthage

At Albi in Aquitaine, France, transitus of Saint Eugenio, bishop of Carthage, who, distinguished for faith and virtue, was sent into exile during the persecution of the Vandals.

Saint Thurian, bishop abbot of Dol

In Brittany, Saint Thurian, abbot of the monastery of Dol and bishop.

Blessed Giacomo da Varazze, Dominican, bishop of Genova

At Genoa, Blessed Giacomo da Varazze, bishop of the Order of Preachers, who presented numerous examples of virtue in his writings to promote Christian life among the people.

Blessed Thomas Tunstal (Helmes), Benedictine priest, martyr of England

At Norwich in England, Blessed Thomas Tunstal (Helmes), priest of the Order of Saint Benedict and martyr, who, convicted under King James I of entering England as a priest, died suspended on the gallows.

Blesseds Louis-Armand-Joseph Adam and Barthélemy Jarrige de la Morelie de Biars, priests and martyrs of France

On a sordid prison ship anchored in front of Rochefort on the French coast, Blesseds Louis-Armand-Joseph Adam, of the Order of Friars Minor Conventual, and Barthélemy Jarrige de la Morelie de Biars, priests and martyrs, who, condemned during the persecution against the Church for their priesthood to be confined to naval arrest, died of disease, victims of their charity for their fellow prisoners.

Blesseds Madeleine de la Mère de Dieu Verchière and 5 companions, virgins and martyrs of France

At Orange in France, Blesseds Madeleine de la Mère de Dieu Verchière and five companions, virgins and martyrs in the same persecution.

Saint Clelia Barbieri, founder of the Little Sisters of Our Lady of Sorrows

At Budrie in Romagna, Saint Clelia Barbieri, virgin, who worked for the spiritual good of female youth and founded the Congregation of the Minims of the Sorrowful Virgin for the human and Christian formation especially of poor and needy girls.

Blessed Ferdinando Maria Baccilieri, priest, founder of the Sisters of the Servers of Mary

At Galeazza near Bologna, Blessed Ferdinando Maria Baccilieri, priest, who cared for the people entrusted to him and founded the Congregation of the Servants of Mary for assistance to poor families and in particular for the education of female youth.

Saint Paulus Liu Jinde, martyr of China

In the territory of Langziqiao near Hengshui in the province of Hebei in China, Saint Paulus Liu Jinde, martyr, who, at an advanced age, was the only Christian left in the village during the Boxer persecution; meeting his persecutors with the rosary and prayer book in his hand, he greeted them according to Christian custom and was killed by them on the spot for this.

Saint Iosephus Wang Kuiju, martyr of China

At the city of Nangong also in Hebei, Saint Iosephus Wang Kuiju, martyr, who in the same persecution, rejected the temptation to have his life saved with a slight lie, preferred a glorious death for Christ.

Blessed Mariano de Jesús Euse Hoyos, priest in Colombia

At the city of Angostura in Colombia, Blessed Mariano de Jesús Euse Hoyos, priest, who was distinguished for his simplicity and integrity of life and devoted himself entirely to prayer, studies and the Christian formation of children.

Blessed Carlos Manuel Rodríguez Santiago

At San Juan in Puerto Rico, Blessed Carlos Manuel Rodríguez Santiago, who devoted himself tirelessly to the renewal of the sacred liturgy and to spreading the faith among young people.

Saint Camillus de Lellis, priest, founder of the Camillians

Saint Camillus de Lellis, priest, who, born near Chieti in Abruzzo, after having followed a military life since adolescence and having shown himself prone to the vices of the world, matured his conversion and worked zealously in serving the sick in the hospital of the incurable as if they were Christ himself; ordained priest, he founded the Congregation of Clerics Regular Ministers of the Sick at Rome.

Saint Ottaziano, bishop of Brescia

At Brescia, Saint Ottaziano, bishop, who signed the synodal letters on the Catholic faith regarding the Incarnation sent by Eusebius of Milan to Pope Saint Leo.

Saint Vincent de Soignies, Benedictine abbot

At Soignies in Austrasia, in the territory of present-day Belgium, Saint Vincent de Soignies, who, in agreement with his wife Saint Waltrude, embraced the monastic life and is said to have founded two monasteries.

Saint Marcellinus, priest and monk

At Deventer in Friesland, now in the Netherlands, Saint Marcellinus, priest and monk, who, of English origin, was a disciple of Saint Willibrord from his childhood and his companion in the works sustained for Christ.

Blessed Hroznata, Premonstratensian priest and martyr

At Stáry Kynsperk near Eger in Bohemia, Blessed Hroznata, martyr, who, after the death of his wife and son, is said to have left the ducal court to join the Premonstratensian monks of Teplá; later captured by raiders while trying to defend the rights of the monastery, he was left to die of hunger.

Saint Toscana, hospitaller

At Verona, Saint Toscana, who, on the death of her husband, distributed all her possessions to the poor and devoted herself unceasingly to the care of the sick in the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem.

Blessed Angelina, founder of the Franciscan monastery of Foligno

At Foligno in Umbria, Blessed Angelina, who, having remained a widow, consecrated herself exclusively to the service of God and neighbour for over fifty years, starting the religious Order of the Cloistered Franciscan Tertiaries for the formation of female youth.

Blessed Gaspar de Bono Manzón, Minim priest

At Valencia in Spain, Blessed Gaspar de Bono Manzón, priest of the Order of Minims, who left the arms of prince of the world for the militia of Christ the King and for love of the house of the Order in the Spanish province, which he held with prudence and charity.

Saint Francis Solanus, Franciscan priest

At Lima in Peru, Saint Francis Solanus, priest of the Order of Friars Minor, who travelled the length and breadth of the regions of South America for the salvation of souls and worked with his preaching and testimony to teach indigenous peoples and to the Spanish colonists themselves the novelty of the Christian life.

Blessed Richard Langhorne, martyr of England

At London in England, Blessed Richard Langhorne, martyr, who, as a distinguished advocate, was sentenced to death on false charge of treason under King Charles II, and rendered his spirit on the gallows at Tyburn.

Blessed Ghébrē Michele, Vincentian priest, martyr of Ethiopia

At Cerecca-Ghebaba in Ethiopia, Blessed Ghébrē Michele, priest of the Congregation of the Mission and martyr, who always sought the true faith in study and prayer, entering into unity with the Catholic Church; for this he suffered prison and thirteen months of forced marches together with soldiers with heavy chains on his feet, until he died exhausted by floggings, thirst and hunger.

Saint Ioannes Wang Kuixin, martyr of China

At the city of Nangong in the province of Hebei in China, Saint Ioannes Wang Kuixin, martyr, who during the persecution of the Boxers preferred to die for Christ rather than commit even a slight lie.

Deposition of Saint Bonaventure, cardinal bishop of Albano and doctor of the Church

Memorial of the deposition of Saint Bonaventure, bishop of Albano and doctor of the Church, who shone in doctrine, holiness of life and distinguished works at the service of the Church. He wisely led the Order of Minors in the spirit of Saint Francis, of which he was minister general. In his many writings he combined a supreme erudition with an ardent piety. While he did an excellent job for the Second Ecumenical Council of Lyons, he deserved to come to the blessed vision of God.

Saints Eutropio, Zosima and Bonosa, martyrs

Near present-day Fiumicino, Saints Eutropio, Zosima and Bonosa, martyrs.

Saint Felix, bishop of Thibiuca and martyr

At Carthage, in present-day Tunisia, on the so-called Road of the Scillitani in the basilica of Faustus, deposition of Saint Felix, bishop of Tubzak and martyr, who, having received the order from the procurator Magnilianus to burn the books of the Bible, replied that he would burn rather himself than the Holy Scriptures and was therefore pierced with a sword by the proconsul Anulinus.

Saint Catulinus, deacon, and companions, martyrs at Carthage

Also at the same place, commemoration of Saint Catulinus, deacon and martyr, in whose honour Saint Augustine held a sermon to the people, and other martyrs, who rest in the basilica of Faustus.

Saints Philip and 10 companions, martyrs at Alexandria of Egypt

At Alexandria of Egypt, the holy martyrs Philip and ten children.

Saint Abudimus, martyr

On the island of Tenedos in the Aegean off the coast of the Hellespont, Saint Abudimus, martyr.

Saint Jacob, bishop of Nisibis

At Nisibis in Mesopotamia, in the territory of present-day Türkiye, Saint Jacob, the first bishop of this city, who participated in the Council of Nicaea and governed his flock in peace, feeding it and defending it from the onslaught of enemies of the faith.

Saint Plechelmus, bishop of Roermond

At Roermond on the Meuse in Austrasia, in the present-day Netherlands, Saint Plechelmus, bishop, who, originally from Northumbria, announced to many the riches of Christ.

Saint Gumbert, founder of the abbey of Ansbach

At Ansbach in Franconia, now in Germany, Saint Gumbert, abbot, who founded this cenoby in his villa.

Saint Joseph, archbishop of Thessalonica

In Thessaly in Greece, transitus of Saint Joseph, bishop of Thessalonica, brother of Saint Theodore Studite: at first as a monk, he composed many hymns; as soon as he was elevated to the episcopate, he suffered many and bitter difficulties in defending ecclesiastical discipline and the cult of sacred images and, relegated to exile in Thessaly, he died oppressed by hunger.

Saint Atanasio, bishop of Naples

At Naples, Saint Atanasio, bishop, who, after having suffered much at the hands of his impious nephew Sergius, was expelled from his see and passed to heaven at Veroli in the Ernici mountains in tribulation-ridden Lazio.

Saint Vladimir, prince of Kyiv

At Kyiv in present-day Ukraine, Saint Vladimir, prince, who received the name of Basil at baptism and spent his energies spreading the right faith among the peoples subject to him.

Saints Ansverus, abbot of Ratzeburg, and 28 companions, martyrs at Ratzeburg

At Ratzeburg in Alsace, now in Germany, Saint Ansverus, abbot and martyr, who was stoned with twenty-eight other monks by the Vinedi who rose up against the preachers of the Christian faith.

Saint David, bishop of Munktorp

At Västerås in Sweden, Saint David, bishop, who, of English nationality, after becoming a Cluniac monk, left to convert the Swedes to Christ and, as an old man, died piously in the monastery he himself founded.

Blessed Czesław Odrowąż, Dominican priest

At Wroclaw in Silesia, in present-day Poland, Blessed Czesław, priest among the first friars of the Order of Preachers, who worked for the kingdom of God in Silesia and other regions of Poland.

Blessed Bernhard II, margrave of Baden

At the village of Moncalieri in Piedmont, Blessed Bernhard II, who, as margrave of Baden, was killed while on his way to the East in defence of the Christian peoples after the capture of Constantinople by the enemies.

Blesseds Inácio de Azevedo, priest, and 38 companions, Jesuit religious, martyrs of Spain

Passion of the blessed martyrs Inácio de Azevedo, priest, and thirty-eight companions of the Society of Jesus, who, while heading towards the missions in Brazil on a ship called Saint James, were attacked by pirates and in hatred of the Catholic religion pierced with sword and spear.

Saint Pompilio Maria Pirrotti, Piarist priest

At Campi Salentina in Puglia, Saint Pompilio Maria Pirrotti, priest of the Order of Clerics regular of the Pious Schools, distinguished for his austerity of life.

Blessed Michel-Bernard Marchand, priest and martyr of France

On a prison ship anchored off Rochefort on the French coast, Blessed Michel-Bernard Marchand, priest and martyr, who, during the French Revolution, taken prisoner from Rouen on a sordid ship for his priesthood, died on it of disease.

Saint Phêrô Nguyến Bá Tuần, priest and martyr of Vietnam

At the city of Nam Dinh in Tonkin, now Vietnam, Saint Phêrô Nguyến Bá Tuần, priest and martyr, who, detained in prison for Christ, died oppressed by hunger under Emperor Minh Mang.

Blessed Anne-Marie Javouhey, virgin, founder of the Sisters of Saint Joseph of Cluny

At Paris in France, Blessed Anne-Marie Javouhey, virgin, who founded the Cluniac Congregation of the Sisters of Saint Joseph for the care of the sick and the Christian formation of female youth, spreading it in mission lands.

Saint Anrê Nguyễn Kim Thông (Năm Thuông), martyr of Vietnam

In the province of My Tho in Cochinchina, now Vietnam, Saint Anrê Nguyễn Kim Thông (Năm Thuông), martyr, who, as catechist, sentenced to exile after imprisonment under Emperor Tu Duc, bound with chains and charged with a beam, completed his martyrdom during the journey.

Blessed Antoni Beszta-Borowski, priest and martyr of Poland

At the town of Bielsk Podlaski in Poland, Blessed Antoni Beszta-Borowski, priest and martyr, who, during the war, was arrested by enemies of the faith and was shot for Christ.

Our Lady of Mount Carmel

The Blessed Virgin Mary of Mount Carmel, where once the prophet Elijah had led the people of Israel back to the worship of the living God and then withdrew with hermits in search of solitude, establishing an Order of contemplative life under the patronage of the holy Mother of God.

Saint Antiochus, martyr

At Anastasiopolis in Galatia, in present-day Türkiye, Saint Antiochus, martyr, brother of Saint Plato.

Saint Athenogenes, chorbishop and martyr

At Sivas in ancient Armenia, Saint Athenogenes, chorbishop and martyr, who left his disciples a hymn on the divinity of the Holy Spirit and died at the stake for Christ.

Saint Helier, hermit

On the island of Jersey in the North Sea, Saint Helier, hermit, who is said to have been martyred by pirates.

Saints Monulphe and Gondulphe, bishops of Maastrict

At Maastricht in Austrasia, in the present-day Netherlands, Saints Monulphe and Gondulphe, bishops.

Saints Renelde, virgin, Grimoald and Gondulphe, martyrs

At Saintes in Hainault, currently in Belgian territory, the holy martyrs Renelde, virgin, and Grimoald and Gondulphe, who are said to have been killed by marauders.

Saint Sisenando, deacon and martyr at Cordoba

At Cordoba in Andalusia, Spain, Saint Sisenando, deacon and martyr, slaughtered by the Moors for his faith in Christ.

Blessed Irmgard, abbess

In the monastery of Chiemsee in Bavaria in Germany, Blessed Irmgard, abbess, who, having left the splendour of the royal court from an early age, chose to serve God and gave Christ many virgin companions.

Blessed Simão da Costa, Jesuit religious and martyr of Spain

Passion of Blessed Simão da Costa, religious of the Society of Jesus and last of the line of martyrs of the ship called Saint James, exterminated in hatred of the Church on the previous day.

Saint Bartolomeu Fernandes dos Mártires, bishop of Braga

At Viana do Castelo in the monastery of the Holy Cross in Portugal, Saint Bartolomeu Fernandes dos Mártires, bishop of Braga, who, distinguished for integrity of life, worked with supreme pastoral charity for the needs of his flock and decorated his many with sound doctrine written.

Blesseds John Sugar (Cox), priest, and Robert Grissold, martyrs of England

At Warwick in England, Blesseds John Sugar (Cox), priest, and Robert Grissold, martyrs, who, condemned under King James I, the former for entering England as a priest, the latter for aiding him, came after severe torture to the palm of martyrdom.

Blesseds André de Soveral, Jesuit priest, and Domingos Carvalho, martyrs of Brazil

At the city of Cunhaú near Natal in Brazil, Blesseds André de Soveral, priest of the Society of Jesus, and Domingos Carvalho, martyrs, who, while Mass was being celebrated, were deceived into the church together with the crowd of faithful and atrociously killed.

Blesseds Nicolas Savouret and Claude Beguignot, priests and martyrs of France

On a prison ship anchored off Rochefort on the French coast, Blesseds Nicolas Savouret, of the Order of Friars Minor Conventual, and Claude Beguignot, of the Carthusian Order, priests and martyrs, who, during the French Revolution, forced into hatred of their priesthood sordid captivity, died consumed by disease.

Blesseds Aimée-de-Jésus de Gordon and 6 companions, virgins and martyrs

At Orange also in France, Blessed Aimée-de-Jésus de Gordon and six companions, virgins and martyrs, who in the same persecution, having refused to abandon religious life, were sentenced to death and happily received the palm of martyrdom.

Saint Marie-Madeleine Postel, virgin, founder of the Sisters of Christian Schools

In the territory of Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte in Normandy in France, Saint Marie-Madeleine Postel, virgin, who, also in the same persecution, when the priests were expelled, pledged all her possessions for the sick and the faithful and, when peace returned, founded and ran the Congregation of the Daughters of Mercy in extreme poverty to provide for the Christian formation of poor girls.

Saints Lang Yangshi, catechumen, and his son Paulus Lang Fu, martyrs of China

At Lüjiapo near Qinghe in the province of Hebei in China, Saints Lang Yangshi, catechumen, and Paulus Lang Fu, her son, martyrs, who, during the persecution of the Boxers, the mother being a professed Christian, died as martyrs for Christ in their house given to flames.

Saint Teresia Zhang Heshi, martyr of China

At Zhangjiaji near Ningjin also in Hebei, Saint Teresia Zhang Heshi, who, in the same persecution, dragged to a pagoda, refused to venerate the divinities of the place and was therefore pierced together with her two sons by a spear.

Saints Speratus, Narzal, Cythinus, Veturius, Felix, Acyllinus, Lætantius, Januaria, Generosa, Vestina, Donata and Secunda, martyrs

At Carthage, in present-day Tunisia, the anniversary of the death of the holy Scillitan martyrs Speratus, Narzal, Cythinus, Veturius, Felix, Acyllinus, Lætantius, Januaria, Generosa, Vestina, Donata and Secunda, who by order of the proconsul Saturnino, after a first confession of faith in Christ, were thrown into prison; led in stocks the following day, they firmly confessed that they were Christians and, for refusing to honour the emperor as a god, were sentenced to death: all kneeling at the place of execution, they were beheaded with a sword while giving thanks to God.

Saint Hyacinth, martyr at Amastris

At Amasra in Paphlagonia, in present-day Türkiye, Saint Hyacinth, martyr.

Saints Justa and Rufina, virgins and martyrs at Seville

At Seville in Andalusia in Spain, Saints Justa and Rufina, virgins, who, arrested by the governor Diogeniano and subjected to cruel tortures, suffered prison, starvation and other tortures: Justa died in prison, whereas Rufina, for having confessed her faith in the Lord, had her neck broken.

Saint Marcellina, virgin at Milan

At Milan, Saint Marcellina, virgin, sister of Bishop Saint Ambrose, who received the veil of consecration from Pope Liberius at Rome in Saint Peter’s Basilica on the day of the Lord’s Epiphany.

Saint Alessio di Roma

At Rome, in the church on the Aventine hill, under the name Alessio, a man of God is venerated who, as tradition says, left a rich house to become poor and beg alms incognito.

Saint Théodose, bishop of Auxerre

At Auxerre in Gallia Lugdunense, in France, Saint Théodose, bishop.

Saint Ennodio, bishop of Pavia

At Pavia, Saint Ennodio, bishop, who in his hymns exalted the memory and churches of the saints and was a generous dispenser of goods.

Saint Frédegand, monk

At Deuren near Antwerp in Austrasia, in present-day Belgium, Saint Frédegand, said to have come as a monk from Ireland, companion of Saint Foillan and others in pilgrimage and missionary work.

Saint Cynehelm, martyr of England

In the monastery of Winchelcumbe in Mercia in England, Saint Cynehelm, who, as prince of Mercia, is held to be a martyr.

Saint Leo IV, pope

At Rome at Saint Peter’s, Saint Leo IV, pope, defender of the city and supporter of the primacy of Peter.

Saint Coloman, pilgrim

Near Stockerau near Vienna, in present-day Austria, Saint Coloman, who, of Irish origin, was a pilgrim for the name of God; headed to the Holy Land, he was considered an enemy explorer and, hanging from a tree, reached the heavenly Jerusalem.

Saints Andrew Zorard and Benedict of Szkalka, hermits

At Nitra on the river of the same name near the Carpathian mountains, in present-day Slovakia, Saints Andrew Zorard and Benedict of Szkalka, hermits, who, having come at the request of King Saint Stephen from Poland to Hungary, led a life in a hermitage on Mount Zobor of extreme austerity.

Saint Hedwig of Poland, queen of Poland

At Krakow in Poland, Saint Hedwig of Poland, queen, who, born in Hungary, received the kingdom of Poland and, married to the Lithuanian grand duke Jaghelon who took the name of Ladislaus at baptism, sowed the Catholic faith in Lithuania with her husband.

Blesseds Thérèse de Saint-Augustine Lidoine and 15 companions, Carmelite virgins, martyrs of France

At Paris in France, Blessed Thérèse de Saint-Augustine Lidoine and fifteen companions, virgins of the Carmel of Compiègne and martyrs, who during the French revolution were sentenced to death for having faithfully observed the monastic discipline and, having reached the scaffold, renewed their baptismal promises of faith and religious vows.

Saint Petrus Liu Zeyu, martyr of China

In the territory of Zhujiaxiezhuang near Shenxian in the province of Hebei in China, Saint Petrus Liu Zeyu, martyr, who in the persecution of the Boxers, despite the attempts of dissuasion by his friends, remained firm in the Christian faith in the presence of the mandarin and was therefore pierced with the sword.

Blessed Pavel Peter Gojdic, bishop of Prešov of the Slovaks, martyr of Slovakia

At Leopoldov in Slovakia, Blessed Pavel Peter Gojdic, bishop and martyr, who, as a pastor in the territory of Presov, under an atheist regime, was thrown into prison and suffered so many tribulations that, after atrocious tortures, faithfully accepting the words of Christ, with a courageous confession of faith passed on to eternal life.

Saints Sinforosa, Crescens, Julian, Nemesius, Primitivus, Justin, Stacteus and Eugene, martyrs at Rome

At Rome at the ninth mile of Via Tiburtina, commemoration of the saints Sinforosa and seven companions, Crescens, Julian, Nemesius, Primitivus, Justin, Stacteus and Eugene, martyrs, who suffered martyrdom with different kinds of torture, becoming brothers in Christ.

Saint Maternus, bishop of Milan

At Milan, Saint Maternus, bishop, who, having restored freedom to the Church, translated the bodies of the martyrs Nabor and Felix of Lodi with full honours to his city.

Saint Emilian, martyr

At Silistra in Moesia, in present-day Bulgaria, Saint Emilian, martyr, who, disobeying the edicts of Julian the Apostate and the threats of his vicar Catulinus, overthrew the altar of idols preventing the sacrifice and, thrown into the furnace, received the palm of martyrdom.

Saint Filastrio, bishop of Brescia

At Brescia, Saint Filastrio, bishop, whose life and death were praised by Saint Gaudentius, his successor.

Saint Ruphillus, bishop of Forum Popilii

At Forlimpopoli in Emilia, Saint Ruphillus, bishop, who is believed to have first governed this Church and led the entire rural population to Christ.

Saint Arnoald, bishop of Metz

At Metz in Austrasia, now in France, Saint Arnoald, bishop, who was adviser to King Dagobert of Austrasia and, having left his post, led a hermitic life in the Vosges mountains.

Saint Theodosia, monk and martyr

At Constantinople, Saint Theodosia, nun, who suffered martyrdom for defending an ancient image of Christ, which Emperor Leo the Isaurian had ordered to be removed from the bronze door of his palace.

Saint Frederik, bishop of Utrecht

At Utrecht in Austrasia, in the territory of the present-day Netherlands, Saint Frederik, bishop, who shone in the study of the Holy Scriptures and put care and commitment into the evangelisation of the Frisians.

Saint Bruno, bishop of Segni

At Segni in Lazio, Saint Bruno, bishop, who worked and suffered a lot for the renewal of the Church and, forced to leave his seat for this, found refuge in Montecassino, where he became temporary abbot of the monastery.

Saint Szymon z Lipnicy, Franciscan priest

At Krakow in Poland, Saint Szymon z Lipnicy, priest of the Order of Minors, who was famous for his preaching and devotion to the name of Jesus and, moved by charity to provide for the care of dying plague patients, found himself among them death.

Blessed Jean-Baptiste de Bruxelles, priest and martyr of France

At anchor at sea off Rochefort on the French coast, Blessed Jean-Baptiste de Bruxelles, priest of Limoges and martyr, who died exhausted by starvation and the plague on a sordid prison ship during the French Revolution.

Saint Ðaminh Ðinh Ðạt, martyr of Vietnam

At the city of Nam Dinh in Tonkin, now Vietnam, Saint Ðaminh Ðinh Ðạt, martyr, who, as a soldier, forced to renounce the Christian faith, trampled on the cross after atrocious tortures; but immediately repenting, to expiate the guilt of the apostasy, he wrote to Emperor Minh Mang that he wanted to be tried again as a Christian, finally dying strangled.

Blessed Tarsykia Mats’kiv, virgin of the Sisters Servants of Mary Immaculate, martyr of Ukraine

At the village of Krystonopil in Ukraine, Blessed Tarsykia Mats’kiv, virgin of the Congregation of the Sisters Handmaids of Mary Immaculate and martyr, who, in times of war, for having defended her faith before her persecutors achieved the double victory of virginity and martyrdom.

Saint Epaphras, disciple of Saint Paul

Commemoration of Saint Epaphras, who worked a lot for the Gospel in Colossae, Laodicea and Hierapolis and is called by Saint Paul the Apostle a dear collaborator in the ministry, fellow prisoner and faithful minister of Christ.

Saints Macedonius, Theodulus and Tatian, martyrs

At Meros in Phrygia, in present-day Türkiye, Saints Macedonius, Theodulus and Tatian, martyrs, who, under Emperor Julian the Apostate, were placed by the governor Almachius, after many tortures, on burning iron grills and faced their exultant martyrdom.

Saint Macrina the Younger, virgin

In the monastery of Annesi along the river Iris in Pontus alsoin Türkiye, Saint Macrina the Younger, virgin, sister of Saints Basil the Great, Gregory of Nyssa and Peter of Sivas, who, versed in the Holy Scriptures, retired to a solitary life, an admirable example of desire of God and detachment from the vanity of the world.

Saint Dios the Wonderworker, archimandrite

At Constantinople, Saint Dios, known as the Wonderworker, archimandrite, who, originally from Antioch, was ordained a priest in this city and founded a monastery under the rule of the Acemetes.

Saint Symmachus, pope

At Rome at Saint Peter’s, Saint Symmachus, pope, who, after having suffered for a long time from the fanaticism of the schismatics, finally died a confessor of the faith.

Saint Áurea, virgin and martyr at Cordoba

At Cordoba in Andalusia, Spain, Saint Áurea, virgin, sister of the holy martyrs Adolphus and John, who, during the persecution of the Moors, was brought before the judge, yielded out of fear, but immediately repenting, overcame the enemy in a new fight with the shedding of his blood.

Saint Bernold, bishop of Utrecht

At Utrecht in Lotharingia, in the territory of the present-day Netherlands, Saint Bernold, bishop, who freed churches and monasteries from the yoke of the powerful, founded many churches and introduced Cluniac customs into monasteries.

Blessed Stilla, virgin

In the monastery of Marienburg in Franconia, Germany, Blessed Stilla, consecrated virgin, is buried in the church she founded.

Blessed Pietro Crisci da Foligno, hermit

At Foligno in Umbria, Blessed Pietro Crisci da Foligno, who, having given all his possessions to the poor, put himself at the service of the cathedral and lived in great humility and penance in the bell tower.

Saint John Plessington, priest and martyr of England

At Chester in England, Saint John Plessington, priest and martyr, who, ordained a priest in Segovia and returning to England, was for this condemned to hang under King Charles II.

Saint Ioannes Baptista Zhu Wurui, martyr of China

At the village of Lujiazhuang near Yingxian in the Hebei province in China, Saint Ioannes Baptista Zhu Wurui, martyr, who, while still a teenager, openly professed himself a Christian in front of the followers of the Boxer sect and for this was mutilated in part of his limbs and then killed with an axe.

Saints Elisabeth Qin Bianshi and Simon Qin Chunfu, martyrs of China

At the town of Liucun near the city of Renqin also in Hebei, the holy martyrs Elisabeth Qin Bianshi and her son Simon Qin Chunfu, fourteen years old, who, in the same persecution, strong in faith, overcame all the cruelties of the enemies.

Blesseds Achilles Puchała and Herman Stępień, Conventual Franciscan priests and martyrs of Belarus

At the town of Borowikowszczyzna in Poland, Blesseds Achilles Puchała and Herman Stępień, priest of the Order of Friars Minor Conventual and martyrs, who were killed out of hatred for the faith during the occupation of Poland under a foreign military regime.

Saint Apollinaris, bishop of Ravenna

Saint Apollinaris, bishop, who, making the unfathomable riches of Christ known among the people, preceded his flock like a good shepherd, honouring the Church of Classe near Ravenna in Romagna with his glorious martyrdom. On July 23 he migrated to the eternal banquet.

Saint Elijah, prophet

Commemoration of Saint Elijah the Thesbite, who was prophet of the Lord in the days of Ahab and Ahaziah, king of Israel, and with such force vindicated the rights of the one God against the infidelity of the people, as to prefigure not only John the Baptist but Christ himself; he left no written prophecies, but his memory is faithfully preserved, especially on Mount Carmel.

Blessed Joseph Barsabbas, apostle

Commemoration of Blessed Joseph Barsabbas and nicknamed the Righteous, disciple of the Lord, whom the Apostles proposed together with Saint Matthias, so that one of the two would take the place of the traitor Judas; and even though the lot fell on Matthias, he equally worked in the ministry of preaching and sanctification.

Saint Margaret, virgin and martyr

At Antioch of Pisidia, in present-day Türkiye, Saint Margaret, who is believed to have consecrated her body to Christ in virginity and martyrdom.

Saint Frumentius, bishop in Ethiopia

In Ethiopia, Saint Frumentius, bishop, who was first a prisoner and then ordained bishop by Saint Athanasius, spread the Gospel in this region.

Saint Aurelius, bishop of Cathage

At Carthage, in present-day Tunisia, Saint Aurelius, bishop, who, as a solid column of the Church, protected his faithful from pagan customs and placed the episcopal seat on the place where the statue of the goddess of heaven was previously located.

Saint Wulmar, priest in France

In the territory of Boulogne in France, Saint Wulmar, priest, who, as a humble pastor, having had the opportunity to study and attain the priestly ministry, retired to a hermitage according to the customs of the ancient fathers and then founded in Hautmont in France, among the woods of his homeland, two monasteries, one for men and the other for holy virgins.

Saint Pablo, deacon and martyr at Cordoba

At Cordoba in Andalusia, Spain, Saint Pablo, deacon and martyr, who, instructed by the example and word of Saint Sisenandus, was not afraid to reproach the vanity of their cult before the princes and authorities of the Moors, being killed for having confessed Christ as true God.

Blessed Bernardo, bishop of Hildesheim

At Hildesheim in Saxony in Germany, Blessed Bernardo, bishop, who, although blind, maintained his Church in peace for twenty-three years.

Saints Magdalena Yi Yŏng-hŭi, Theresia Yi Mae-im, Martha Kim Sŏng-im, Lucia Kim, Rosa Kim, Anna Kim Chang-gŭm and Maria Wŏn Kwi-im, virgins, and Ioannes Baptista Yi Kwang-nyŏl, martyrs of Korea

At Soeul in Korea, Saints Magdalena Yi Yŏng-hŭi, Theresia Yi Mae-im, Martha Kim Sŏng-im, Lucia Kim, Rosa Kim, Anna Kim Chang-gŭm and Maria Wŏn Kwi-im, virgins, and Saint Ioannes Baptista Yi Kwang-nyŏl, martyrs.

Saint José María Díaz Sanjurjo, Dominican, bishop and vicar apostolic of Central Tonking, martyr of Vietnam

At the city of Nam Dinh in Tonkin, now Vietnam, Saint José María Díaz Sanjurjo, bishop of the Order of Preachers and martyr, sentenced to death for hatred of the faith during the persecution of Emperor Tu Duc.

Saints Léon-Ignace Mangin and Paul Denn, Jesuit priests, and Maria Zhu Wushi, martyrs of China

At the village of Zhoujiahe near the city of Yingxian in the province of Hebei in China, martyrdom of Saints Léon-Ignace Mangin and Paul Denn, priests of the Society of Jesus, who in the persecution of the Boxers, while eagerly encouraging the faithful in church, were pierced in front of the altar from the enemies who had broken in. Saint Maria Zhu Wushi perished with them, who, wanting to protect Saint Léon, minister of her celebration, with her own body, fell mortally wounded.

Saint Petrus Zhu Rixin, martyr of China

In the territory of Lujiazhuang near Yingxian also in Hebei, Saint Petrus Zhu Rixin, martyr, who, in the same persecution, in front of the governor who pressed him refused to deny God as creator of the world and was beheaded for this.

Saint Maria Fu Guilin, martyr of China

At the town of Daliucun near Wuyi in the same province, Saint Maria Fu Guilin, who, as teacher, also in the same persecution was delivered into the hands of the enemies of the Gospel and beheaded while invoking Christ the Saviour.

Saints Maria Zhao Guoshi, Rosa Zhao and Maria Zhao, martyrs of China

At the village of Wuqiao Zhaojia also in Hebei, commemoration of Saints Maria Zhao Guoshi and her daughters Rosa Zhao and Maria Zhao, who, in that same persecution, threw themselves into a well to avoid being raped, but were pulled out of there and suffered martyrdom.

Saint Xi Zhuzi, martyr of China

At the town of Dechao also in Hebei, commemoration of Saint Xi Zhuzi, martyr, who, still being a catechumen when a riot broke out, declared himself a Christian and, covered with wounds, was baptised in his own blood.

Blesseds Rita Dolores del Corazón de Jesús Pujalte Sánchez and Francisca del Corazón de Jesús Aldea Araújo, virgins of the Sisters of Charity of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, martyrs of Spain

At Madrid in Spain, Blesseds Rita Dolores del Corazón de Jesús Pujalte Sánchez and Francisca del Corazón de Jesús Aldea Araújo, virgins of the Congregation of the Sisters of Charity of the Sacred Heart of Jesus and martyrs, who, during the persecution that broke out of the civil war, were arrested in the church of the College by enemies of the Church and shortly after shot in the street.