Conclave of 1878

1878.02.18 – 1878.02.20

New Pope:Pope Leo XIII (67)
Prelate elected as Pope:
Cardinal Vincenzo Gioacchino Pecci

Cardinal-Priest of S. Crisogono

Archbishop-Bishop of Perugia (Italy)

Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church of Reverend Apostolic Camera

Location of Conclave:
Duration of Conclave:
3 days
Number of Electors:
61 (3 absentees)
Ballots Required:
3
Duration of Vacant See:
13 days
Cardinal Dean:Cardinal Luigi Amat di San Filippo e Sorso (81)
Cardinal Vice-Dean:Cardinal Camillo Di Pietro (72)
Cardinal Protopriest:Cardinal Friedrich Johannes Jacob Celestin von Schwarzenberg (68)
Cardinal Protodeacon:Cardinal Prospero Caterini (82)
Senior Cardinal-Bishop in Conclave:Cardinal Luigi Amat di San Filippo e Sorso (81)
Senior Cardinal-Priest in Conclave:Cardinal Friedrich Johannes Jacob Celestin von Schwarzenberg (68)
Senior Cardinal-Deacon in Conclave:Cardinal Prospero Caterini (82)
Junior Cardinal-Deacon in Conclave:Cardinal Antonio Pellegrini (65)
Camerlengo:Cardinal Vincenzo Gioacchino Pecci (67)
Secretary of Conclave:Msgr. Pietro Lasagni (63)

Participating Cardinals (61)

Cardinal-Bishops (6)
1ItalyLuigi Amat di San Filippo e Sorso (81), Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia–Velletri, Cardinal-Priest of S. Lorenzo in Damaso in commendum, Prefect of Sacred Congregation of Ceremonies, Vice-Chancellor of Apostolic Chancery and Cardinal Dean of Sacred College of Cardinals
2ItalyCamillo Di Pietro (72), Cardinal-Bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina and Cardinal Vice-Dean of Sacred College of Cardinals
3ItalyCarlo Sacconi (69), Cardinal-Bishop of Palestrina and Pro-Datary of His Holiness of Apostolic Dataria
4ItalyFilippo Maria Guidi, O.P. (62), Cardinal-Bishop of Frascati and Metropolitan Archbishop emeritus of Bologna (Italy)
5ItalyLuigi Bilio, B. (51), Cardinal-Bishop of Sabina and Major Penitentiary of Sacred Apostolic Penitentiary
6ItalyCarlo Luigi Morichini (72), Cardinal-Bishop of Albano and Metropolitan Archbishop emeritus of Bologna (Italy)
Cardinal-Priests (45)
7CzechiaFriedrich Johannes Jacob Celestin von Schwarzenberg (68), Cardinal-Priest of S. Agostino, Metropolitan Archbishop of Praha (Czechia) and Protopriest of Sacred College of Cardinals
8ItalyFabio Maria Asquini (75), Cardinal-Priest of S. Lorenzo in Lucina, Patriarch emeritus of Constantinople and Prefect emeritus of Sacred Congregation of Indulgences and Sacred Relics
9ItalyDomenico Carafa della Spina di Traetto (72), Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria degli Angeli and Metropolitan Archbishop of Benevento (Italy)
10FranceFrançois-Auguste-Ferdinand Donnet (82), Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria in Via and Metropolitan Archbishop of Bordeaux (France)
11ItalyVincenzo Gioacchino Pecci (67), Cardinal-Priest of S. Crisogono, Archbishop-Bishop of Perugia (Italy) and Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church of Reverend Apostolic Camera
12ItalyAntonio Benedetto Antonucci (79), Cardinal-Priest of S. Martino ai Monti and Archbishop-Bishop of Ancona e Umana (Italy)
13ItalyAntonio Maria Panebianco, O.F.M. Conv. (69), Cardinal-Priest of Ss. XII Apostoli and Major Penitentiary emeritus of Sacred Apostolic Penitentiary
14ItalyAntonio Saverio De Luca (72), Cardinal-Priest of Ss. Quattro Coronati, Cardinal Protector of Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy and Bishop emeritus of Aversa (Italy)
15FranceJean-Baptiste-François Pitra, O.S.B. (65), Cardinal-Priest of S. Callisto and Archivist of Vatican Secret Archives
16FranceHenri-Marie-Gaston Boisnormand de Bonnechose (77), Cardinal-Priest of S. Clemente and Metropolitan Archbishop of Rouen (France)
17GermanyGustav Adolf von Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst (54), Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria in Traspontina
18ItalyLucien-Louis-Joseph-Napoléon Bonaparte (49), Cardinal-Priest of S. Pudenziana and Camerlengo emeritus of Sacred College of Cardinals
19NetherlandsInnocenzo Ferrieri (67), Cardinal-Priest of S. Cecilia, Prefect of Sacred Congregation of Bishops and Regulars and Camerlengo of Sacred College of Cardinals
20ItalyGiuseppe Berardi (67), Cardinal-Priest of Ss. Marcellino e Pietro and Substitute for General Affairs emeritus of Apostolic Secretariat
21SpainJuan de la Cruz Ignacio Moreno y Maisonave (60), Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria della Pace and Metropolitan Archbishop of Toledo (Spain)
22ItalyRaffaele Monaco La Valletta (50), Cardinal-Priest of S. Croce in Gerusalemme, Commendatory Abbot of Subiaco (Italy) and Vicar General for the Vicariate of Rome of Roma (Italy)
23PortugalInácio do Nascimento Morais Cardoso (66), Cardinal-Priest of Ss. Nereo ed Achilleo and Patriarch of Lisboa (Portugal)
24FranceRené-François Régnier (83), Cardinal-Priest of SS. Trinità al Monte Pincio and Metropolitan Archbishop of Cambrai (France)
25ItalyFlavio Chigi (67), Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria del Popolo and Archpriest of Papal Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
26ItalyAlessandro Franchi (58), Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria in Trastevere and Prefect of Sacred Congregation of the Propagation of the Faith
27FranceJoseph-Hippolyte Guibert, O.M.I. (75), Cardinal-Priest of S. Giovanni a Porta Latina and Metropolitan Archbishop of Paris (France)
28ItalyLuigi Oreglia di Santo Stefano (49), Cardinal-Priest of S. Anastasia, Abbot nullius of Santi Vincenzo ed Anastasio alle Tre Fontane (Italy) and Prefect of Sacred Congregation of Indulgences and Sacred Relics
29HungaryJános Simor (64), Cardinal-Priest of S. Bartolomeo all’Isola and Metropolitan Archbishop of Esztergom (Hungary)
30ItalyTommaso Maria Martinelli, O.E.S.A. (51), Cardinal-Priest of S. Prisca and Prefect of Congregation for Sacred Rites
31ItalyRuggero Luigi Emidio Antici Mattei (66), Cardinal-Priest of S. Lorenzo in Panisperna, Patriarch emeritus of Constantinople and Auditor General emeritus of Reverend Apostolic Camera
32ItalyPietro Gianelli (70), Cardinal-Priest of S. Agnese fuori le mura, Titular Archbishop emeritus of Sardes and Secretary emeritus of Sacred Congregation of the Council
33PolandMieczysław Halka Ledóchowski (55), Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria in Ara Coeli, Metropolitan Archbishop of Poznań (Poland) and Metropolitan Archbishop of Gniezno (Poland)
34EnglandHenry Edward Manning (69), Cardinal-Priest of Ss. Andrea e Gregorio al Monte Celio and Metropolitan Archbishop of Westminster (England)
35BelgiumVictor-Auguste-Isidore Dechamps, C.SS.R. (67), Cardinal-Priest of S. Bernardo alle Terme and Metropolitan Archbishop of Mechelen (Belgium)
36ItalyGiovanni Simeoni (61), Cardinal-Priest of S. Pietro in Vincoli and Secretary of State of Apostolic Secretariat
37ItalyDomenico Bartolini (64), Cardinal-Priest of S. Marco
38ItalyBartolomeo D’Avanzo (66), Cardinal-Priest of S. Susanna and Bishop of Calvi (Italy)
39ItalyJohannes Baptiste Franzelin, S.J. (61), Cardinal-Priest of Ss. Bonifacio ed Alessio
40SpainFrancisco de Paula Benavides y Navarrete (67), Cardinal-Priest of S. Tommaso in Parione, Patriarch of Indias Occidentales and Bishop emeritus of Sigüenza (Spain)
41ItalyFrancesco Saverio Apuzzo (70), Cardinal-Priest of S. Onofrio and Metropolitan Archbishop of Capua (Italy)
42SpainManuel García Gil, O.P. (75), Cardinal-Priest of S. Stefano al Monte Celio and Metropolitan Archbishop of Zaragoza (Spain)
43EnglandEdward Henry Howard (69), Cardinal-Priest of Ss. Giovanni e Paolo
44SpainMiguel Payá y Rico (66), Cardinal-Priest of Ss. Quirico e Giulitta and Metropolitan Archbishop of Santiago de Compostela (Spain)
45FranceLouis-Marie-Joseph-Eusèbe Caverot (71), Cardinal-Priest of S. Silvestro in Capite and Metropolitan Archbishop of Lyon (France)
46ItalyLuigi Di Canossa (68), Cardinal-Priest of S. Marcello and Bishop of Verona (Italy)
47ItalyLuigi Serafini (69), Cardinal-Priest of S. Girolamo dei Croati, Bishop of Viterbo (Italy) and Bishop of Tuscanella (Italy)
48CroatiaJosip Mihalović (64), Cardinal-Priest of S. Pancrazio and Metropolitan Archbishop of Zagreb (Croatia)
49AustriaJohannes Baptiste Kutschker (67), Cardinal-Priest of S. Eusebio and Metropolitan Archbishop of Wien (Austria)
50ItalyLucido Maria Parocchi (44), Cardinal-Priest of S. Sisto and Metropolitan Archbishop of Bologna (Italy)
51ItalyVincenzo Moretti (62), Cardinal-Priest of S. Sabina and Metropolitan Archbishop of Ravenna (Italy)
Cardinal-Deacons (10)
52ItalyProspero Caterini (82), Cardinal-Deacon of S. Maria in Via Lata, Cardinal-Deacon of S. Maria della Scala in commendum, Prefect of Sacred Congregation of the Council, Secretary of Commission of Roman and Universal Inquisition and Protodeacon of Sacred College of Cardinals
53ItalyTeodolfo Mertel (72), Cardinal-Deacon of S. Eustachio and Prefect of Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura
54ItalyDomenico Consolini (71), Cardinal-Deacon of S. Maria in Domnica
55ItalyEdoardo Borromeo (55), Cardinal-Deacon of Ss. Vito, Modesto e Crescenzia, President of Sacred Congregation of the Reverend Basilica of Saint Peter and Archpriest of Papal Basilica of Saint Peter
56ItalyLorenzo Ilarione Randi (59), Cardinal-Deacon of S. Maria in Cosmedin and Vice-Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church emeritus of Reverend Apostolic Camera
57ItalyBartolomeo Pacca (60), Cardinal-Deacon of S. Maria in Portico and Prefect emeritus of Prefecture of the Holy Apostolic Palaces
58ItalyLorenzo Nina (65), Cardinal-Deacon of S. Angelo in Pescheria and Prefect of Sacred Congregation of Studies
59ItalyEnea Sbarretti (70), Cardinal-Deacon of S. Maria ad Martyres and Secretary emeritus of Sacred Congregation of Bishops and Regulars
60FranceFrédéric de Falloux du Coudray (62), Cardinal-Deacon of S. Agata alla Suburra
61ItalyAntonio Pellegrini (65), Cardinal-Deacon of S. Maria in Aquiro

Cardinal-Electors unable to participate (3)

Rome TimeEvent
1878.02.18 Monday
EveningEntry into Sistine Chapel
1878.02.19 Tuesday
Noon1ˢᵗ Vote
Afternoon⚫ Smoke
Afternoon2ⁿᵈ Vote
Afternoon⚫ Smoke
1878.02.20 Wednesday
Morning3ʳᵈ Vote
Morning“Habemus Papam”

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