| Date | Country | Change |
| 2001 | Diocese of Uruguaiana lost territory to Diocese of Santo Ângelo | |
| 2001 | Territory Dependent on the Patriarch of Amman and Jerusalem (Armenian Rite) was promoted as Patriarchal Exarchate of Jerusalem and Amman | |
| 2001.01.11 | Apostolic Exarchate of Macedonia (Macedonian Rite) was established (from Diocese of Križevci) | |
| 2001.01.23 | Apostolic Prefecture of Guapi was promoted as Apostolic Vicariate of Guapi | |
| 2001.01.30 | Archdiocese of Catanzaro–Squillace was promoted as Metropolitan Archdiocese of Catanzaro–Squillace (with suffragan sees Crotone–Santa Severina and Lamezia Terme) | |
| 2001.01.30 | Archdiocese of Cosenza–Bisignano was promoted as Metropolitan Archdiocese of Cosenza–Bisignano (with suffragan sees Rossano–Cariati, Cassano all’Jonio and San Marco Argentano–Scalea) | |
| 2001.02.03 | Diocese of Alto Paraná was renamed as Diocese of Ciudad del Este | |
| 2001.02.16 | Diocese of Saint Thomas the Apostle of Chicago (Syro-Malabar Rite) was established (without ecclesiastical province) | |
| 2001.03.13 | Diocese of Bafatá was established (from Diocese of Bissau and without ecclesiastical province) | |
| 2001.03.13 | Diocese of Maradi was established (from Diocese of Niamey and without ecclesiastical province) | |
| 2001.04.24 | Diocese of Avellaneda was renamed as Diocese of Avellaneda–Lanús (gained territory from Diocese of Lomas de Zamora) | |
| 2001.04.24 | Diocese of Lomas de Zamora lost territory to Diocese of Avellaneda–Lanús | |
| 2001.04.25 | Diocese of Montes Claros was promoted as Metropolitan Archdiocese of Montes Claros (with suffragan sees Janaúba, Januária and Paracatu) | |
| 2001.04.27 | Diocese of Cremona lost territory to Diocese of Crema | |
| 2001.06.22 | Apostolic Exarchate of Venezuela (Syriac Rite) was established | |
| 2001.06.30 | Diocese of Maralal was established (from Diocese of Marsabit and became suffragan of Nyeri) | |
| 2001.07.06 | Territorial Prelature of Yauyos lost territory to Diocese of Chosica | |
| 2001.07.19 | Diocese of Bacabal lost territory to Diocese of Coroatá | |
| 2001.10.16 | Diocese of Visakhapatnam was promoted as Metropolitan Archdiocese of Visakhapatnam (with suffragan sees Eluru, Guntur, Nellore, Srikakulam and Vijayawada) | |
| 2001.10.27 | Apostolic Administration of Moldova was promoted as Diocese of Chişinău (without ecclesiastical province) | |
| 2001.11.09 | Diocese of Dundo was established (from Diocese of Saurimo and became suffragan of Luanda) | |
| 2001.11.09 | Diocese of Nnewi was established (from Metropolitan Archdiocese of Onitsha and became suffragan of Onitsha) | |
| 2001.11.09 | Apostolic Prefecture of Quetta was established (from Metropolitan Archdiocese of Karachi and Diocese of Hyderabad) | |
| 2001.12.01 | Apostolic Prefecture of Mongo was established (from Metropolitan Archdiocese of N’Djaména and Diocese of Sarh) | |
| 2001.12.22 | Diocese of Kumasi was promoted as Metropolitan Archdiocese of Kumasi (with suffragan sees Goaso, Konongo–Mampong, Obuasi and Sunyani) | |
| 2001.12.22 | Diocese of Tanjung Selor was established (from Diocese of Samarinda and became suffragan of Pontianak) |
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