| Date | Country | Change |
| 1868.02.05 | Apostolic Vicariate of Colorado and Utah was established (from Diocese of Santa Fe) | |
| 1868.02.14 | Diocese of Antioquía was suppressed (to establish Diocese of Medellín–Antioquía) | |
| 1868.02.14 | Diocese of Medellín–Antioquía was established (from the suppressed Diocese of Antioquía and became suffragan of Santafé en Nueva Granada) | |
| 1868.03.03 | Diocese of Columbus was established (from Metropolitan Archdiocese of Cincinnati and became suffragan of Cincinnati) | |
| 1868.03.03 | Diocese of Green Bay was established (from Diocese of Milwaukee and became suffragan of Saint Louis) | |
| 1868.03.03 | Diocese of Harrisburg was established (from Diocese of Philadelphia and became suffragan of Baltimore) | |
| 1868.03.03 | Apostolic Vicariate of Idaho and Montana was established (from Metropolitan Archdiocese of Oregon City) | |
| 1868.03.03 | Diocese of La Crosse was established (from Diocese of Milwaukee and became suffragan of Saint Louis) | |
| 1868.03.03 | Apostolic Vicariate of Montana was established (from Apostolic Vicariate of Nebraska) | |
| 1868.03.03 | Apostolic Vicariate of North Carolina was established (from Diocese of Charleston) | |
| 1868.03.03 | Diocese of Rochester was established (from Diocese of Buffalo and became suffragan of New York) | |
| 1868.03.03 | Diocese of Saint Joseph was established (from Metropolitan Archdiocese of Saint Louis and became suffragan of Saint Louis) | |
| 1868.03.03 | Diocese of Scranton was established (from Diocese of Philadelphia and became suffragan of Baltimore) | |
| 1868.03.03 | Diocese of Wilmington was established (from Metropolitan Archdiocese of Baltimore and Diocese of Philadelphia and became suffragan of Baltimore) | |
| 1868.03.22 | Apostolic Vicariate of Marysville was promoted as Diocese of Grass Valley (became suffragan of San Francisco) | |
| 1868.04.30 | Abbacy nullius of Saints-Nicholas-et-Benoît was established (from Diocese of Nice) | |
| 1868.07.28 | Apostolic Vicariate of Lhassa 拉薩 was renamed as Apostolic Vicariate of Tibet 西藏 | |
| 1868.07.29 | Apostolic Prefecture of Schleswig-Holstein was restored (from Apostolic Vicariate of Nordic Missions) | |
| 1868.08.06 | Apostolic Prefecture of Sahara and Sudan was established (from Apostolic Vicariate of Central Africa) | |
| 1868.08.07 | Apostolic Prefecture of Denmark was established (from Diocese of Osnabrück and Apostolic Vicariate of Nordic Missions) | |
| 1868.08.07 | Mission sui juris of Norway was restored (from Apostolic Vicariate of Sweden and Apostolic Prefecture of North Pole) | |
| 1868.08.08 | Apostolic Vicariate of Nordic Missions was renamed as Apostolic Vicariate of North German Missions | |
| 1868.09.25 | Apostolic Vicariate of Arizona was established (from Diocese of Santa Fe) |
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