| Date | Country | Change |
| 1865 | Apostolic Prefecture of Congo was established (from Diocese of São Paulo de Loanda and Apostolic Vicariate of Deux Guinées) | |
| 1865.03.05 | Diocese of Buenos Aires was promoted as Metropolitan Archdiocese of Buenos Aires (with suffragan sees Córdoba, Paraguay, Paraná, Salta and San Juan de Cuyo) | |
| 1865.03.17 | Diocese of Huánuco was established (from Metropolitan Archdiocese of Lima and became suffragan of Lima) | |
| 1865.05.01 | Diocese of Kharput (Armenian Rite) was established | |
| 1865.05.27 | Diocese of Jaro was established (from Diocese of Cebu and became suffragan of Manila) | |
| 1865.06.20 | Diocese of Bathurst was established (from Metropolitan Archdiocese of Sydney and became suffragan of Sydney) | |
| 1865.10.23 | Diocese of Sault Sainte Marie was renamed as Diocese of Sault Sainte Marie–Marquette |
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