| Date | Country | Change |
| 1839 | Apostolic Prefecture of Abyssinia was established (from Apostolic Vicariate of Syria, Egypt, Arabia and Cyprus) | |
| 1839 | Apostolic Vicariate of Syria, Egypt, Arabia and Cyprus was renamed as Apostolic Vicariate of Aleppo (lost territory to establish Apostolic Prefecture of Abyssinia) | |
| 1839 | Apostolic Prefecture of Texas was established (from Diocese of Linares) | |
| 1839.03.14 | Diocese of Lutsk–Ostroh (Ukrainian Rite) was suppressed | |
| 1839.03.25 | Archdiocese of Polatsk–Vitebsk (Ukrainian Rite) was suppressed | |
| 1839.05.18 | Apostolic Vicariate of Egypt and Arabia was established (from Apostolic Vicariate of Syria, Egypt, Arabia and Cyprus) | |
| 1839.08.26 | Diocese of Civita was renamed as Diocese of Civita–Tempio | |
| 1839.09.03 | Apostolic Vicariate of Shantung 山東 was established (from Diocese of Beijing 北京) | |
| 1839.09.17 | Apostolic Vicariate of Nordic Missions was restored (from the suppressed Apostolic Vicariate of Nordic Missions) | |
| 1839.09.17 | Apostolic Vicariate of Nordic Missions was suppressed (to establish Apostolic Vicariate of Nordic Missions) |
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