Documents

Encyclical
Nullius certe

On the need for civil sovereignty

by Blessed Pope Pius IX (1860.01.19)

Encyclical
Novos et ante

Protesting Victor Emmanuel

by Blessed Pope Pius IX (1860.03.26)

Apostolic Letter
Cum Catholica

On the temporal power of the Pope

by Blessed Pope Pius IX (1860.03.26)

 pope 

Encyclical
Multis gravibusque

Denouncing the non-ratification of the concordat signed by the Grand Duke of Baden with the Holy See

by Blessed Pope Pius IX (1860.04.24)