| Date | Country | Change |
| 1983 | Titular Episcopal See of Sarepta (Maronite Rite) was established | |
| 1983.01.21 | Metropolitan Archdiocese of Benevento exchanged territory with Metropolitan Archdiocese of Campobasso–Boiano | |
| 1983.01.21 | Metropolitan Archdiocese of Campobasso–Boiano exchanged territory with Metropolitan Archdiocese of Benevento | |
| 1983.01.21 | Diocese of Lucera lost territory to Metropolitan Archdiocese of Benevento | |
| 1983.01.24 | Diocese of Ozamiz was promoted as Metropolitan Archdiocese of Ozamiz (with suffragan sees Dipolog, Iligan, Pagadian and Marawi) | |
| 1983.01.27 | Apostolic Vicariate of San Jose in Mindoro was established (from Apostolic Vicariate of Calapan) | |
| 1983.02.10 | Diocese of Acapulco was promoted as Metropolitan Archdiocese of Acapulco (with suffragan sees Chilapa and Ciudad Altamirano) | |
| 1983.02.19 | Territorial Prelature of Vila Rondônia was promoted as Diocese of Ji-Paraná | |
| 1983.02.24 | Diocese of Antipolo was established (from Metropolitan Archdiocese of Manila and became suffragan of Manila) | |
| 1983.03.17 | Diocese of Bertoua was established (from Diocese of Doumé and became suffragan of Yaoundé) | |
| 1983.03.17 | Diocese of Doumé was renamed as Diocese of Doumé–Abong’ Mbang (lost territory to establish Diocese of Bertoua) | |
| 1983.03.17 | Diocese of Murang’a was established (from Diocese of Nyeri and became suffragan of Nairobi) | |
| 1983.03.21 | Territorial Abbacy of San Paolo fuori le Mura lost territory to Diocese of Nepi | |
| 1983.03.25 | Diocese of Lubbock was established (from Diocese of Amarillo and Diocese of San Angelo and became suffragan of San Antonio) | |
| 1983.03.30 | Military Vicariate of Ecuador was established | |
| 1983.04.06 | Territorial Prelature of Chimbote was promoted as Diocese of Chimbote (gained territory from Diocese of Huaraz) | |
| 1983.04.06 | Diocese of Huaraz lost territory to Diocese of Chimbote | |
| 1983.04.07 | Diocese of Ripatransone was renamed as Diocese of Ripatransone–San Benedetto del Tronto | |
| 1983.04.11 | Diocese of Assis lost territory to Diocese of Presidente Prudente | |
| 1983.04.18 | Diocese of Caravelas was renamed as Diocese of Teixeira de Freitas–Caravelas | |
| 1983.05.02 | Diocese of Torit was established (from Metropolitan Archdiocese of Juba and became suffragan of Juba) | |
| 1983.05.25 | Diocese of Lacedonia lost territory to Diocese of Ascoli Satriano | |
| 1983.06.06 | Diocese of Ouesso was established (from Diocese of Owando and became suffragan of Brazzaville) | |
| 1983.07.28 | Territorial Prelature of Coroico was promoted as Diocese of Coroico | |
| 1983.10.07 | Mission sui juris of Nepal was established (from Diocese of Patna) | |
| 1983.10.13 | Territorial Prelature of Cândido Mendes was promoted as Diocese of Cândido Mendes | |
| 1983.11.10 | Diocese of Colorado Springs was established (from Metropolitan Archdiocese of Denver and Diocese of Pueblo and became suffragan of Denver) | |
| 1983.11.11 | Diocese of Kahama was established (from Metropolitan Archdiocese of Tabora and became suffragan of Tabora) | |
| 1983.11.16 | Territorial Prelature of Bertrania en el Catatumbo was renamed as Territorial Prelature of Tibú | |
| 1983.11.22 | Military Vicariate of South Korea was established | |
| 1983.12.05 | Diocese of Nkayi was established (from Diocese of Pointe-Noire and became suffragan of Brazzaville) | |
| 1983.12.05 | Diocese of Diphu was established (from Metropolitan Archdiocese of Shillong–Gauhati and Diocese of Silchar and became suffragan of Shillong–Gauhati) | |
| 1983.12.05 | Diocese of Saint Josaphat in Parma (Ukrainian Rite) was established (from Metropolitan Archdiocese of Philadelphia and became suffragan of Philadelphia) | |
| 1983.12.31 | Diocese of Belize was renamed as Diocese of Belize City–Belmopan |
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